CLOUD COMPUTING AND USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION

1. CLOUD COMPUTING

1. DEFINITIONS CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing or cloud computing in the Indonesian language is the combined use of computer technology ('computing') and the development of Internet-based ('cloud'). Cloud (cloud) is metefora from the internet, as clouds are often depicted in computer network diagrams. As the cloud in computer network diagrams, the cloud (cloud) in a Cloud Computing infrastructure is also an abstraction of the complex was hiding.

Cloud computing is known as the Internet cloud is actually a concept at this new technology that allows users of IT, or better known as a user, for use of IT products in the form of a service, with this concept the company or organization service users no longer need think of technology infrastructure, training to experts, or purchase a software license. With cloud computing, companies or organizations simply subscribe to one or more of the services required to do per-service payments over the Internet.

Not quite up there, the notion of cloud computing is actually very diverse. On the internet, we can find many definitions of cloud computing. Even a technical agency has agreed on a definition of cloud computing up to two pages in length. Some people are briefly defines cloud computing as a software that is accessed via the internet. However, Cloud computing can also refer to a large data center where we can store our data.

The players in the field of Cloud Computing Experts believe that the cloud cover above matters, even more. Cloud is a set of devices (PCs, Servers, and even mobile devices) that use the internet to jointly use the numerous resources. A large amount of resources or data stored on a number of servers that work together, so it is able to provide services even in high traffic, and to be able to recover from the sytem crashes.

In simpler language, Cloud means we are able to create, view, modify and save your data (documents, emails, images, etc.), the number of computers located in other places. In other words, you could have 1000 computers to work in an hour, compared to having one computer to work for 1000 hours. This allows us to access the programs that require a lot of resources without having to install or perform maintenance. It also means, you only have to pay for the resources in the event of an increase in traffic or just use it when needed.

2. TYPES OF EXCESS AND CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Types of Cloud Computing

Berikun These are the types of Cloud Computing:

1. SAAS (Software As A Service)

Is a concept whereby service providers (providers) have an application that can be used by multiple clients, with this client does not need to set up a server and software licenses to purchase, they simply buy the service from the application, of course, this will cut the cost of operations.

2. Utility Computing

Cloud Computing this type offer a solution in the form of virtual servers and data storage services (storage data center).

3. Web Services In The Cloud

Is a type of cloud computing that menyedikan service APIs that can be used by developers to build an application, for example: Google Maps, ADP Payroll Processing, the U.S. Postal Service, Bloomberg, etc. ..

4. Platform As A Service

Is a type of cloud computing service menyedikan form application development environment, which is an application development environment where developers can run applications on the server provider and submitted to his client over the Internet.

5. MSP (Manage Service Provider)

Service is to make management of the applications used by cloud computing. With this service, management applications will become easier, because it is done on a single application used by many users, so they can better focus, for example: virus scanning, spam and so on.

6. Service Commerce Platforms

That is a hybrid of SaaS and MSP. This service connects the user with one other, if it is like in a computer network, this service acts as a hub that menguhubungkan one client with another client. This service is widely used in commercial environments.

7. Internet Integration

2. Advantages of Cloud Computing

One of the advantages of Cloud Computing is rapidly deployed, so that means instant for quick implementation.

• Later start-up costs of this technology may be very low or absent and no capital investment.
• Cost of service and usage will be based on a commitment that does not fix.
• This service can easily upgrade or downgrade quickly without a Penalty.
• This service will use the method of multi-tenant (Many of the customers within a platform).
• The ability to customize the service will be limited.

However, Clod Computing also has risks, including,

• Service levels - Cloud providers may not be consistent with the performance of the application or transaction. This requires you to understand the service level you get the transaction response time, data protection and speed data recovery.
• Privacy - As someone else / other companies also do hosting your data probably will come out or read by others may occur without your knowledge or approve of you.
• Data ownership - ownership of the data provided will be able to become the common property in cyberspace.

3. CONCLUSION

IT developments are so rapid, it is always a warm conversation in different societies, to communities located in rural notabennya not to be outdone bersaiing in using these technologies. As a result the computer was already not a luxury anymore in the community, to support technology is the internet which has become a daily diet of these IT users. So, not deny anymore that it is now the digital age Which one human being should be able to adapt to these technological advances. Cloud Computing is the latest technology-based networks that facilitate Internet users (user) make the transaction work with a global network.

2. USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION
1. INTRODUCTION

Utilization of Information Technology has become part of our daily lives. The use of telephone, mobile phone, ATM machine, Internet, and others have not be anything new or strange. He has been attached (pervasive). Similarly, in the college environment, IT is used for everyday purposes. This paper discusses the use of IT in college.

2. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND HIGHER EDUCATION

Developing information technology from universities and research institutes. For example the World Wide Web (WWW), Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the capital of the Internet boom was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (Centre for Particle Physics Research), Switzerland. Internet itself comes from universities and research institutions from the U.S. Department of Defense. It's clear use of information technology at universities and research institutes are nothing new overseas. But in Indonesia these information technology, Internet for example, appears first in commercial packaging (Internet Service Provider) so that their utilization in the new college came later.

Utilization of information technology in higher education, among others, is as a tool for the administration and education. Computers, databases, student information system used to assist in the administration. Correspondence and pengarsipannya was done using a computer and printer. In big cities, colleges rarely encountered that still uses a typewriter to write letters. Yet the computer not only as a substitute for the typewriter. If the computer is taken, the administrative process will be disrupted. This suggests that the use of computers for administrative processes are essential in many colleges.

On the educational side, the computer program used to assist teachers in providing subject matter, presentation and value. Actually, the distribution of course material is cheaper if done with a CD-ROM instead of using paper. For example the price of blank CD-ROM is about USD 3000, -, while that same money can only be used to copy 30 or 50 pages. Unfortunately the CD-ROM reading device is still a computer whose price is relatively expensive and not easy to carry around as we bring the paper. Research is underway to create a digital reading device which is equivalent to conventional paper.

Course material that is placed on a computer network or the Internet can also widen the range of teaching. The term e-learning is usually used for this application. As an example of this approach, the course material I found on the Internet. This material was used by students from elsewhere. Occasionally I get questions from them via e-mail.

In the field of research, information technology is used to accelerate and simplify the research process. Collaboration of researchers who used to be done by meeting the physical, or use a slow correspondence has been replaced with the use of the Internet. E-mail and mailing lists have become part of college life. If the first I have to go to the library to search the literature or have to do interlibrary loan if your local library does not have the papers I was looking for, so now some of the papers can already be obtained via the Internet. Sites such as Citeseer allows me to get the classic papers in the field of computer science without much effort do interlibrary loans are expensive and slow. Professional organization that publishes journals such as IEEE and ACM started to develop a digital library that can be accessed by members. Journals, magazines, proceedings, and the scientific work which is managed by the organization began to be accessible on-line. Conferences and journals already use e-mail for shipping papers.

In addition to using information technology, some universities also develop science and information technology itself. This is done by colleges that have majors related to computer science. Various software and new hardware to grow out of college. Start-up company began to emerge from college.

In addition to developing the field of information technology college is also developing new research fields such as Genome Research, Bioinformatics, and the like with the help of information technology. Areas such as these can only grow exponentially with the use of information technology. Large data size in genome research forces researchers to develop a database that can accommodate such data efficiently. Collaboration to analyze these data are also using computer-assisted spread all over the world using the Internet.

Human Resources (HR) master information technology is also a product of the college. Sometimes it is the main product of the college.

All this shows that the college is closely related to information technology, both in terms of their use or in development.

3. USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY strateg

The use of information technology in an educational institution can vary depending on the capabilities and areas of existing institutions themselves. Could be a faculty, department or departments in a college only use information technology products alone without the need to develop it. Examples of majors who only uses information technology among other areas of law, literature, and many others. For environments like these, it is advisable to purchase or use of information technology products have become the best in the field. They do not need to develop a product or technology itself and should focus on the field.

For educational institutions that have the field of information technology (or related) there is another option, namely to develop its own products. Availability of human resources enabling them to develop and use their own products. For an institution like this is suggested to explore the development of information technology products itself as an alternative of just buying it.

Educational institutions need to calculate the investment value of information technology products that will be used and its benefits. As far as possible all of these quantized (quantified) in the form of value for money (Rupiah). Hope this approach is that it can obtain an overview Return On Investment (ROI) from the utilization of information technology so that its application is not in vain. Questions that can help to focus the institution include:

4. CONCLUSION

Improved quality of learning can be done using educational technology media, by way of finding and identifying the problems faced in the study then looked for a solution through the application of Information Technology sesuai.Upaya solving educational problems, especially problems related to the quality of learning, can be reached by way of the use of various learning resources and the use of learning media serves as a tool in increasing levels of student learning outcomes. Information technology is used as a medium to facilitate the search for such information.

REFERENCES

Tim Berners-Lee, "Weaving the Web: The Past, Present, and Future of the World Wide Web by its Inventor," Texere, 2000.

Most of my course material can be obtained from the site http://budi.insan.co.id .

Citeseer site, http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/ , providing facilities to conduct the search and retrieval of papers relating to the world of computer science (computer science). Many papers are available on this site. In the library of conventional (physical) at several universities abroad did not have these papers.

Site Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): http://www.ieee.org

The site of the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM): http://www.acm.org